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Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
Original source information
What does this dataset contain?
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
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World Bank Indicators API (JSON)
Technical check: Reachable · Oct 2, 2026
A look at the data
Sample · up to 100 rowsThese rows are a bounded source extract. Missing values stay empty. No statistics or conclusions have been calculated.
| indicator | country | country_code | year | value | unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2025 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2024 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2023 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2022 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2021 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2020 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2019 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2018 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2017 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2016 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2015 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2014 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2013 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2012 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2011 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2010 | 0.586779084367876 | |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2009 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2008 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2007 | 0.659864661576848 | |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2006 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2005 | 0.626592924758238 | |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2004 | 0.626100578625712 | |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2003 | 0.594539921118996 | |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2002 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2001 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 2000 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1999 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1998 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1997 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1996 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1995 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1994 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1993 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1992 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1991 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1990 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1989 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1988 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1987 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1986 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1985 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1984 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1983 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1982 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1981 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1980 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1979 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1978 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1977 | ||
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Africa Eastern and Southern | AFE | 1976 |
World Bank Indicators API (JSON) · Oct 2, 2026 · 50 rows
Dates, explained separately
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Limitations & considerations
Country, year and measurement availability differ by indicator. Missing values are not zero. World Bank republishes contributions from the data providers named above. Time coverage is not inferred from the first API page.
Attribution
World Bank · Research and development expenditure (% of GDP). Original data providers: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02
CC BY 4.0 · World Bank termsProvenance & catalog listings
World Bank · World Development IndicatorsGB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Latest DataSeek importOct 2, 2026Source statusKeep exploring
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